These instructions are designed for a double-anonymous review process managed initially through the journal’s editorial email.
Originality, article type, journal fit, approval by all authors, funding, conflicts, AI use, and related submissions.
Authors, degrees, affiliations, ORCID iDs, corresponding author, funding, competing interests, CRediT contributions, acknowledgements and study registration.
No author names, affiliations, ORCID iDs, identifying acknowledgements or unnecessary institutional identifiers.
Financial and non-financial relationships relevant to the submitted work.
Ethics approval or formal ethics statement when applicable.
CONSORT, STROBE, PRISMA, CARE or other relevant checklist when applicable.
Methods should report, as appropriate: design, setting, participants, variables/outcomes, data sources, bias, sample size, statistical methods, ethics and registration.
References must follow Vancouver style and be numbered in order of first appearance. The same source keeps the same number throughout the manuscript. Journal titles should use standard NLM abbreviations when available. Include DOI when available.
Examples in text: [1], [2,3], [4–7].
The reference list should be double-spaced and use a 1.27 cm hanging indent.
Submit supplementary material as a separate file. Use clear labels such as Supplementary Methods, Table S1, Figure S1 and Supplementary References. All supplementary items must be cited from the main manuscript.
Use “Not applicable” or “None” when appropriate rather than omitting the heading.
Authorship should follow the current ICMJE recommendations. Contributions should be described using the CRediT taxonomy whenever feasible.